Pediatric Nursing Practice Test Part 2

by Daisy Jane Antipuesto RN MN · November 23, 2010

December 2010 Nursing Board Exam Review Questions on Pediatric Nursing.

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Pediatric Nursing 2

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Question 1

A child is expected to stand alone by what age?

A	10 months
B	11 months
C	1 year
D	15 months

Question 1 Explanation:

By 1 year an infant can walk alone. At 15 months he/she can walk alone. 10 months = pulling oneself to stand; 11 months- stand with support.

Question 2

By 4 months what reflex do you expect to diminish?

A	Extrusion reflex
B	Tonic-neck reflex
C	Palmar grasp reflex
D	All of the above

Question 2 Explanation:

By 4 months you expect extrusion, tonic-neck and palmar grasp reflex to fade.

Question 3

A drop of a newborn’s temperature is expected by Nurse Joanne. What is the main reason for this?

A	Due to a smaller chest circumference
B	Due to the immaturity of the body systems
C	Due to the presence of brown fats in newborns
D	Due to the inappropriate caregiver attention

Question 3 Explanation:

A newborn’s temperature is expected to drop due to the immature body systems.

Question 4

An infant was brought to the clinic. The pediatrician was out so the mother and the baby were left waiting in the waiting area. The nurse is planning to obtain the infant’s vital signs and weight. As the infant is quietly sitting on the mother’s lap which of the following would the nurse obtain first?

A	Weight
B	Heart Rate
C	Respiration rate
D	Papillary reflex

Question 4 Explanation:

No touch policy is done when obtaining V/S for infants. Thus, respiration should be taken first, since the nurse needs not to come closer or hold the infant in counting the breaths.

Question 5

Mrs. Lao’s second child is persistently asking questions about the difference between male and female (sexual differences) and how birth is made possible. Knowing the stages of growth and development the nurse knows that Mrs. Lao’s child is about:

A	2 years old
B	8 years old
C	6 years old
D	4 years old

Question 5 Explanation:

During the phallic stage the child learns sexual identity through awareness of the genital area. The child’s sexual interest leads him/her to ask questions related to birth and sexual differences. Phallic stage occurs during the preschool period at about 3-5 years old, thus, the correct answer is D.

Question 6

An infant is waking up at the same time each morning, hungry at regular 4-hour periods and naps at the same time each day. This is a manifestation of what reaction pattern in children?

A	Approach
B	Adaptability
C	Rhythmicity
D	Intensity of reaction

Question 6 Explanation:

A child who has rhythmicity manifests a regular rhythm in physiologic functions such as waking up at the same time in the morning. Approach refers to a child’s response on initial contact with a new stimulus. Adaptability is the ability to change one’s reaction to stimuli over time. Intensity of reaction pertains to the strength of a child’s reaction (e.g. crying loudly or thrashing arms).

Question 7

Baby Girl Vina weighs 3.4 kilograms. This is interpreted to be:

A	Above normal birth weight
B	Normal birth weight
C	Below normal birth weight
D	None of the above

Question 7 Explanation:

Normal birthweight is 2.5-3.4 kg (5.5-7.5 lbs)

Question 8

The nurse observes that the infant is babbling. Most likely the infant is of what age?

A	8 months
B	2-6 months
C	2 months
D	1 year

Question 8 Explanation:

An infant babbles when he or she is about 8-9 months. By 2-6 months the infant laughs. At 1-2 months an infant coos. By 10-12 months the infants specifically calls mama and dada for mother and father.

Question 9

According to the psychosocial theory, the developmental task where a child learns to love and to be loved is under what age group?

A	Infancy
B	Toddler
C	School age
D	Adolescent

Question 9 Explanation:

Learning trust vs. mistrust (other terms are learning confidence or learning to love) is the developmental task during the infancy period.

Question 10

An 8 year old child is under what development task of the psychosocial development?

A	Sense of Industry vs inferiority
B	Sense of identity vs role confusion
C	Sense of initiative vs. guilt
D	Latent stage

Question 10 Explanation:

Schoolagers (6-12 years old) belong to the stage of industry vs inferiority.

Question 11

At 1 year, if Baby Girl Vina’s birth height is 16 inches you expect it to increase to:

A	61 cm
B	51 cm
C	63 cm
D	53 cm

Question 11 Explanation:

The birth Length increases by about 50% in 1 year. Thus, 16 inches / 2 = 8 inches. 16+8 = 24 inches at 1 year, to convert to cm (1 inch = 2.54 cm) 24 x 2.54 = 60.96 cm or 61 cm at 1 year

Question 12

By the 3rd day Baby Vina’s weight drop to 3.23 kg. What is the primary nursing action?

A	Notify the physician immediately.
B	Observe the mother carefully during feeding and promote health teaching on the proper way of feeding the baby.
C	Document the data.
D	Perform further assessment to determine other problems.

Question 12 Explanation:

Newborns normally loss 5-10% of birth weight in the first seven days (Physiologic weight loss) and regains the weight by 10 days.

Question 13

Nurses should be knowledgeable about growth and development to understand changes in a pediatric patient and promote proper care. What is the main difference between growth and development?

A	The parameter of growth is weight while the parameter of development is height.
B	Growth is an increase in physical size and fine motor skills while development is an increase in a child’s ability.
C	Growth denotes a quantitative change and development a qualitative change.
D	Growth is generally used to denote a qualitative change while development a quantitative change.

Question 13 Explanation:

Growth is an increase in physical size (quantitative) while development is an increase of one’s ability qualitative. Parameters of growth are the weight and height while development is through observation and Denver developmental screening test.

Question 14

Baby Girl Vina has a birth length of 16 inches. You interpret this as:

A	Above normal birth length
B	Normal birth length
C	Below normal birth length
D	None of the above

Question 14 Explanation:

Normal birth length is 46-54 cm (18-21.25 inches) 1 inch = 2.54 cm

Question 15

The ability to know right from wrong and its application to real life situations is studied by which theorist?

A	Jean Piaget
B	Erik Erikson
C	Sigmund Freud
D	Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 15 Explanation:

Lawrence Kohlberg studied the ability to know right from wrong and its application to real life situations which denotes moral development.

Question 16

A mother brought her 6 month old child in the clinic. Which of the following is quite delay for this child?

A	Vocalizing the syllables “oh” and “ah”
B	Holding rattle briefly
C	Inability to clap both hands
D	Inability to sit alone

Question 16 Explanation:

A 6 month old child should be able to bottles well and verbalize “oh” and “ah”. A 5 month old infant should be able to handle a rattle well, thus is by 6 months the rattle is just held briefly is a negative observation. You expect a child to clap the hands by 10 months. Sitting alone is noted at 8 months.

Question 17

Mrs. Lao’s friend, Lane has a 2 ½ year old boy. She is asking Mrs. Lao about the ways to promote a positive environment for the child. Which of the following correctly demonstrate a positive and stimulating environment for a toddler?

A	Providing visual stimulation for the child.
B	Allowing the child to assemble and complete projects to feel rewarded for the accomplishment.
C	Offering choices of clothes to wear or toys to play with.
D	Providing opportunities for exploring new places or activities.

Question 17 Explanation:

To form a sense of autonomy during the toddler period provide situations for the child to decide on his/her own. Providing visual stimulation for the child is for infants. Allowing the child to assemble and complete projects to feel rewarded for the accomplishment is for schoolagers. Providing opportunities for exploring new places or activities is applicable for preschooler.

Question 18

Based on Freud’s psychosexual theory, this is a stage where a child’s pleasure zone appears to shift from the anal to the genital area. The child also earns sexual identity in this stage which is known as:

A	Genital
B	Phallic
C	Latent
D	Anal

Question 18 Explanation:

During the phallic stage the child learns sexual identity through awareness of the genital area. In the genital stage, the child develops sexual maturity and learns to establish satisfactory relationships with the opposite sex.

Question 19

The following areas are measured by the Denver Developmental Screening Test except:

A	Language
B	Social interaction
C	Emotional development
D	Gross motor skills

Question 19 Explanation:

DDST rates language, persona-social interaction, gross and the fine motor skills.

Question 20

An 8-month old infant begins crying and trashing arms, when checked by his mother the diapers are wet. The child is showing what reaction pattern?

A	Approach
B	Adaptability
C	Rhythmicity
D	Intensity of reaction

Question 20 Explanation:

Intensity of reaction pertains to the strength of a child’s reaction to situations (e.g. crying loudly or thrashing arms). A child who has rhythmicity manifests a regular rhythm in physiologic functions such as waking up at the same time in the morning. Approach refers to a child’s response on initial contact with a new stimulus. Adaptability is the ability to change one’s reaction to stimuli over time.

Question 21

The stage where the child’s personality development appears to be dormant is noted during:

A	Genital
B	Phallic
C	Latent
D	Anal

Question 21 Explanation:

The school-age period is under the latent phase where according to Freud the libido of the children appears to be diverted into concrete thinking and no development is obvious (dormant).

Question 22

The ability to learn and understand the experiences in life to acquire knowledge, responses to various situations and solving problems pertains to whose theory?

A	Jean Piaget
B	Erik Erikson
C	Sigmund Freud
D	Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 22 Explanation:

The ability to learn and understand the experiences in life to acquire knowledge, responses to various situations and solving problems pertains to cognitive development that is introduced by Jean Piaget.

Question 23

Physical growth and some aspects of development occur in a process. In a 6-year old child, what body system reached its peak point?

A	Reproductive
B	Musculoskeletal
C	Neurological
D	Lymphatic

Question 23 Explanation:

Lymphoid tissues grow rapidly during infancy and childhood to protect a child from infection. In 5-year old children the tonsillar tissue has reached its peak size (about twice the size of that an adult).

Question 24

By 5 months what will be Baby Vina’s normal weight, if her birth weight is 3.4 kg?

A	15 lbs
B	22 lbs
C	25 lbs
D	18 lbs

Question 24 Explanation:

The birth weight doubles by 5-6 months. 3.4 kg x 2 = 6.8 kg x 2.2 = 14.9 lbs or 15 lbs (1 kg = 2.2 lbs)

Question 25

There are varieties of factors affecting growth and development processes. The following correctly denotes a genetic influence in growth and development apart from:

A	Children with higher intelligence do not generally grow faster physically.
B	On average girls are born lighter and shorter than boys.
C	All children who inherited a disease will be left physically challenged.
D	Temperament affects growth and development and is an inborn characteristic set at birth.

Question 25 Explanation:

Children who inherited a disease will thrive and grow with good health supervision and early detection and treatment.

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Daisy Jane Antipuesto RN MN

Currently a Nursing Local Board Examination Reviewer. Subjects handled are Pediatric, Obstetric and Psychiatric Nursing. Previous work experiences include: Clinical instructor/lecturer, clinical coordinator (Level II), caregiver instructor/lecturer, NC2 examination reviewer and staff/clinic nurse. Areas of specialization: Emergency room, Orthopedic Ward and Delivery Room. Also an IELTS passer.

Pediatric Nursing Practice Test Part 2

Pediatric Nursing 2

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