Nursing Board Exam Reviewer Part 3 of 5

281. Cytotoxic T cells

a)      lyse cells infected with virus.
Cytotoxic T cells play a role in graft rejection.

b)      are important in producing circulating antibodies.
B cells are lymphocytes important in producing circulating antibodies.

c)      attack foreign invaders (antigens) directly.
Helper T cells are lymphocytes that attack antigens directly.

d)      decrease B cell activity to a level at which the immune system is compatible with life.
Suppressor T cells are lymphocytes that decrease B-cell activity to a level at which the immune system is compatible with life.

282. During which stage of the immune response does the circulating lymphocyte containing the antigenic message return to the nearest lymph node?

a)      Proliferation
Once in the node, the sensitized lymphocyte stimulates some of the resident dormant T and B lymphocytes to enlarge, divide, and proliferate.

b)      Recognition
In the recognition stage, the immune system distinguishes an invader as foreign, or non-self.

c)      Response
In the response stage, the changed lymphocytes function either in a humoral or cellular fashion.

d)      Effector
In the effector stage, either the antibody of the humoral response or the cytotoxic T cell of the cellular response reaches and couples with the antigen on the surface of the foreign invader.

283. Which of the following responses identifies a role of T lymphocytes?

a)      Transplant rejection
Transplant rejection and graft-versus-host disease are cellular response roles of T cells.

b)      Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a humoral response role of B-lymphocytes.

c)      Allergic hay fever and asthma
Allergic hay fever and asthma are humoral response roles of B-lymphocytes.

d)      Bacterial phagocytosis and lysis
Bacterial phagocytosis and lysis are humoral response roles of B-lymphocytes.

284. Of the following classifications of medications, which is known to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis or release?

a)      Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in large doses
NSAIDs include aspirin and ibuprofen.

b)      Antibiotics (in large doses)
Antibiotics in large doses are known to cause bone marrow suppression.

c)      Adrenal corticosteroids
Adrenal corticosteroids are known to cause immunosuppression.

d)      Antineoplastic agents
Antineoplastic agents are known to cause immunosuppression.

285. Which of the following statements reflect current stem cell research?

a)      The stem cell is known as a precursor cell that continually replenishes the body’s entire supply of both red and white cells.
The stem cell is known as a precursor cell that continually replenishes the body’s entire supply of both red and white cells. Stem cells comprise only a small portion of all types of bone marrow cells.

b)      Stem cell transplantation can restore immune system functioning.
Research conducted with mouse models has demonstrated that once the immune system has been destroyed experimentally, it can be completely restored with the implantation of just a few purified stem cells.

c)      Stem cell transplantion has been performed in the laboratory only.
Stem cell transplantation has been carried out in human subjects with certain types of immune dysfunction such as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).

d)      Clinical trials are underway in patients with acquired immune deficiencies only.
Clinical trails are underway in patients with a variety of disorders with an autoimmune component including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and multiple sclerosis.

286. The nurse’s base knowledge of primary immunodeficiencies includes which of the following statements? Primary immunodeficiencies

a)      develop early in life after protection from maternal antibodies decreases.
These disorders may involve one or more components of the immune system.

b)      occur most commonly in the aged population.
Primary immunodeficiencies are seen primarily in infants and young children.

c)      develop as a result of treatment with antineoplastic agents.
Primary immunodeficiencies are rare disorders with genetic origins.

d)      disappear with age.
Without treatment, infants and children with these disorders seldom survive to adulthood.

287. Agammaglobulinemia is also known as

a)      Bruton’s disease.
Bruton’s disease is a sex-linked disease that results in infants born with the disorder suffering severe infections soon after birth

b)      Nezelof syndrome.
Nezelof syndrome is a disorder involving lack of a thymus gland.

c)      Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome involves the absence of T cells and B cells and the presence of thrombocytopenia.

d)      Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)
CVID is another term for hypogammaglobulinemia.

288. When the nurse administers intravenous gamma-globulin infusion, she recognizes that which of the following complaints, if reported by the patient, may indicate an adverse effect of the infusion?

a)      Tightness in the chest
Flank pain, tightness in the chest, or hypotension indicates adverse effects of gamma-globulin infusion.

b)      Nasal stuffiness
Nasal stuffiness is not recognized as an adverse effect of gamma-globulin infusion.

c)      Increased thirst
Increased thirst is not recognized as an adverse effect of gamma-globulin infusion.

d)      Burning urination
Burning urination is a sign of urinary tract infection, not an adverse effect of gamma-globulin infusion.

289. Ataxia is the term that refers to

a)      uncoordinated muscle movement.
Ataxia-telangiectasia is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting both T-cell and B-cell immunity.

b)      vascular lesions caused by dilated blood vessels.
Telangiectasia is the term that refers to vascular lesions caused by dilated blood vessels.

c)      inability to understand the spoken word.
Receptive aphasia is an inability to understand the spoken word.

d)      difficulty swallowing.
Dysphagia refers to difficulty swallowing.

290. Which of the following microorganisms is known to cause retinitis in people with HIV/AIDS?

a)      Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus is a species-specific herpes virus.

b)      Cryptococcus neoformans
Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungus that causes an opportunistic infection in patients with HIV/AIDS.

c)      Mycobacterium avium
Mycobacterium avium is an acid-fast bacillus that commonly causes a respiratory illness.

d)      Pneumocystic carinii
Pneumocystic carinii is an organism that is thought to be protozoan but believed to be a fungus based on its structure.

Related posts:

1. Nursing Board Exam Reviewer Part 2 of 5 101. In relation to the structure of the larynx, the...
2. Nursing Board Exam Reviewer Part 5 of 5 401. Which of the following terms is used to describe...
3. Nursing Board Exam Reviewer Part 4 of 5 301. When the nurse observes diffuse swelling involving the deeper...
4. Nursing Board Exam Reviewer Part 1 of 5 1. According to Maslow, which of the following categories of...
5. Nursing Board Exam Reviewer V2.0 NURSING BOARD EXAM REVIEWER V2.0 E-BOOK is now AVAILABLE...

Advertisements: