Urinary incontinence is the involuntary or uncontrolled loss of urine from the bladder sufficient to cause a social or hygienic problem. This may be caused by external urinary sphincter injury, obstetric injury, lesions of bladder neck, detrusor dysfunction, infection, neurogenic bladder, medications and neurologic abnormalities.

Risk Factors

1. Pregnancy related (vaginal delivery, episiotomy)
2. Menopause
3. Caregiver or toilet unavailability
4. Use of medications (diuretics, sedatives, opioids, hypnotics)
5. Dementia
6. Parkinson’s disease
7. Genitourinary surgery
8. Pelvic muscle weakness
9. Diabetes milletus
10. Immobility
11. High impact exercise
12. Stroke
13. Morbid obesity

Types of Urinary Incontinence

1. Stress incontinence – involuntary loss of urine from an intact urethra due to an increased intra- abdominal pressure (sneezing, coughing or position changes)
2. Urge incontinence- is the involuntary loss of urine associated with…

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