Reflexes are involuntary movements or actions. Some movements are spontaneous, occurring as part of the baby’s usual activity. Others are responses to certain actions. Reflexes help identify normal brain and nerve activity. Some reflexes occur only in specific periods of development.
Primitive reflexes are reflex actions originating in the central nervous system that are exhibited [...]
Written on September 19, 2008 | Posted in
Maternal & Child Health Nursing |
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Theorists consider that emotional, social, cognitive and moral skills develop in stages.
Psychosocial - Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is most widely used. At each stage, children confront a crisis that requires the integration of personal needs and skills with social and cultural expectations. Each stage has two possible components, favorable and unfavorable.
Psychosexual – Sigmund [...]
Leopold’s Maneuver is preferably performed after 24 weeks gestation when fetal outline can be already palpated.
Preparation:
Instruct woman to empty her bladder first.
Place woman in dorsal recumbent position, supine with knees flexed to relax abdominal muscles. Place a small pillow under the head for comfort.
Drape properly to maintain privacy.
Explain procedure to the patient.
Warms hands by rubbing [...]
The APGAR Scoring System was developed by Dr. Virginia APGAR as a method of assessing the newborn’s adjustment to extrauterine life. It is taken at one minute and five minutes after birth. With depressed infants, repeat scoring every five minutes as needed. The one minute score indicates the necessity for resuscitation. The five minute [...]
Oxygenated blood enters the umbilical vein from the placenta
Enters ductus venosus
Passes through inferior venacava
Enters the right atrium
Enters the foramen ovale
Goes to the left atrium
Passes through left ventricle
Flows to ascending aorta to supply nourishment to the brain and upper extremeties
Enters superior vena cava
Goes to right atrium
Enters [...]
Menstruation - is the periodic discharge of blood, mucus and epithelial cells from the uterus.
Menstrual Cycle - periodic uterine bleeding in response to cyclic hormonal changes. A process that allows for conception and implantation of new life.
It is usually determined by counting as day 1 the 1st day of a menstrual period until the [...]
Organ
Function
1. Penis
a. Conduit for urine form bladder
b. Male organ for sexual intercourse
2. Scrotum
a. House testes and maintains their temperature at a level cooler than the body thus promoting normal sperm formation
3. Testes
a. Endocrine glands that secrete the primary male hormone, testosterone
4. Seminiferous Tubules
a. Location of spermatogenesis (within the testes)
5. Epididymis
a. Storage for some sperm
b. Final [...]
Organ
Functions
1. Vagina
a. Passageway of menstrual flow
b. Female organ for coitus; receives male penis
c. Passageway for the fetus during birth
2. Uterus
a. Houses and nourishes fetus until sufficiently mature to function outside the mother’s body
b. Uterine muscles propels fetus outside.
3. Fallopian Tube
a. Provides passageway for ovum as it travels from ovary to uterus.
b. Site of Fertilization.
4. [...]
The Male Reproductive System is consists of:
testes
ducts: epididymis, vas deferens, urethra
accessory glands: seminal vesicles, prostate glands, Cowper’s gland
supporting structures: scrotum, penis
External Structures:
A. External Structures:
Mons Veneris/Pubis - Pad of fat which lies over the symphysis pubis where dark and curly hair grow in triangular shape that begins 1-2 years before the onset of menstruation. It protects the surrounding delicate tissues from trauma.
Labia Majora - Two (2) lengthwise fatty folds of skin extending from mons veneris to the [...]
