Caffeine - Nursing Research (Chapter 3 of 5)

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METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURE

This chapter deals with the method of research used, respondent of the study, research tools and instruments, procedure followed and the statistical treatment of data.

Method of Research

The type of research used in this study is the descriptive method. The term descriptive is self-explanatory and terminology synonymous to this type of research is: describe, write on, depict. The aim of descriptive research is to verify formulated hypotheses that refer to the present situation in order to elucidate it. Descriptive research is thus a type of research that is primarily concerned with describing the nature or conditions and degree in detail of the present situation (Landman 1988: 59). The emphasis is on describing rather than on judge or interprets. According to Klopper (1990: 64) researchers who use this method for their research usually aim at:

•    demarcating the population (representative of the universum) by means of perceiving accurately research parameters; and
•    Recording in the form of a written report of that which has been perceived.

The aim of the latter is that when the total record has been compiled, revision of the documents can occur so that the perceptions derived at can be thoroughly investigated.
Because the total population (universum) during a specific investigation can not be contemplated as a whole, researchers make use of the demarcation of the population or of the selection of a representative test sample. Test sampling therefore forms an integral part of descriptive research.

Respondent of the Study

The 3rd year Nursing students of Perpetual Help College of Manila are the respondents chosen for this study. The age of the respondent ranges from 18 to 25 years old, randomly from both genders. Nursing is a course that is said to be very stressful.

The hospital and school works make it impossible for a nursing student to be stress-free. Aside from clubbing, strolling along malls, playing online games, etc., some would prefer to remove stress while chatting with friends over a coffee and a piece of their favorite chocolate cake or pastries not knowing that they have exceeded already the recommended caffeine value.

Research Tools and Instruments

This research made use of a survey questionnaire as the main vehicle to gather data for this research. The researcher used a survey questionnaire based on the statement of the problem of this study. The questionnaire consists of two parts. The first part aims to elicit information on the profile of the respondent in terms of age, gender, civil status, educational background, year/ level and length of caffeine intake. Part two intends to assess the attitude of the respondents and their beliefs with regards to caffeine and to gather habits and practices of the respondents on their daily caffeine intake in terms of food and beverages.

Procedure Followed

Prior to the conduct of the study, permission was sought from the research adviser in order to conduct the study to the target respondents. The questionnaires were personally administered and retrieved to these respondents. After the retrieval of all accomplished questionnaires, encoding, summarizing and tabulating of the data were proceeded for statistical interpretation and analysis.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The statistical tool and technique used to ensure a valid and systematic presentation, analysis and interpretation of data is the percentage.

Percentage. This was used as a descriptive statistics to describe the relationship of a part to the whole. The formula is:
P     =     f x       100
N

where:        P = percentage
f = frequency of percentage
N = total number of respondents

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